An independent guide to Louisiana local government. This is not an official government website.

Election day is Tuesday, November 3

What's on the ballot and key dates

On the ballot: U.S. Senate, U.S. House, and proposed constitutional amendments, plus local races in some areas.

  • Early voting and absentee ballot requests are now closed.
  • Mailed absentee ballots must reach your parish registrar of voters by Monday, November 2 at 4:30 p.m. A postmark does not count, so mail it early.
  • On election day, polls are open 6 a.m. to 8 p.m. If you are in line when polls close, you can still vote.

St. Mary Parish

Local election results for Saturday, October 14, 2023, including statewide races. Official results from the Louisiana Secretary of State. Each race has a map by precinct.

Other elections here
Every election in St. Mary Parish
Other parishes
Local results for every parish that day
Parish offices today
St. Mary Parish offices and contacts

Parish offices

Sheriff

Gary Driskell (No party) won with 76.9% of the vote.

  • Gary Driskell No partyElected

    76.9% 8,584 votes

  • Kenny P. Scelfo, Sr. IndependentDefeated

    16.6% 1,853 votes

  • Jason Granger No partyDefeated

    3.5% 394 votes

  • Cody J. Thibodaux No partyDefeated

    3.0% 331 votes

By precinct in St. Mary Parish

The precinct map loads as you scroll to it.

Who got the most votes in each precinct, and their share

Under 50%50 to 60%Over 60%
Gary Driskell
Kenny P. Scelfo, Sr.
  • Not voting in this race, or no votes

Shows the 7,313 votes cast at the polls in 46 precincts. The 3,849 early and absentee votes are counted for the whole parish, not by precinct, so they aren't on the map.

11,162 votes cast; 37.9% of the 31,623 registered voters in the area turned out.

Parish President

Sam Jones (Democrat) won with 58.2% of the vote.

  • Sam Jones DemocratElected

    58.2% 6,418 votes

  • Timothy "Tim" LeBlanc DemocratDefeated

    41.8% 4,605 votes

By precinct in St. Mary Parish

The precinct map loads as you scroll to it.

Who got the most votes in each precinct, and their share

Under 50%50 to 60%Over 60%
Sam Jones
Timothy "Tim" LeBlanc
  • Another candidate, or a tie
  • Not voting in this race, or no votes

Shows the 7,193 votes cast at the polls in 46 precincts. The 3,830 early and absentee votes are counted for the whole parish, not by precinct, so they aren't on the map.

11,023 votes cast; 37.9% of the 31,623 registered voters in the area turned out.

Council Member, District 1

Craig A. Mathews (Democrat) won with 55.6% of the vote.

  • Craig A. Mathews DemocratElected

    55.6% 856 votes

  • Herbert "H.B." Bell DemocratDefeated

    44.4% 683 votes

By precinct in St. Mary Parish

The precinct map loads as you scroll to it.

Who got the most votes in each precinct, and their share

Under 50%50 to 60%Over 60%
Craig A. Mathews
Herbert "H.B." Bell
  • Another candidate, or a tie
  • Not voting in this race, or no votes

Shows the 1,150 votes cast at the polls in 9 precincts. The 389 early and absentee votes are counted for the whole parish, not by precinct, so they aren't on the map.

1,539 votes cast; 36.3% of the 4,596 registered voters in the area turned out.

Council Member, District 3

No one got a majority, so Rodney Olander (Republican) and Peter Soprano (Independent) went to a runoff.

  • Rodney Olander RepublicanIn runoff

    46.8% 794 votes

  • Peter Soprano IndependentIn runoff

    38.4% 651 votes

  • Whitney Bourque DemocratDefeated

    14.8% 251 votes

By precinct in St. Mary Parish

The precinct map loads as you scroll to it.

Who got the most votes in each precinct, and their share

Under 50%50 to 60%Over 60%
Rodney Olander
  • Not voting in this race, or no votes

Shows the 1,087 votes cast at the polls in 8 precincts. The 609 early and absentee votes are counted for the whole parish, not by precinct, so they aren't on the map.

1,696 votes cast; 45.3% of the 3,904 registered voters in the area turned out.

Council Member, District 4

David W. Hill (Republican) won with 61.6% of the vote.

  • David W. Hill RepublicanElected

    61.6% 711 votes

  • Myron Bourque No partyDefeated

    20.5% 237 votes

  • Javon Charles No partyDefeated

    17.9% 207 votes

By precinct in St. Mary Parish

The precinct map loads as you scroll to it.

Who got the most votes in each precinct, and their share

Under 50%50 to 60%Over 60%
David W. Hill
Javon Charles
  • Not voting in this race, or no votes

Shows the 819 votes cast at the polls in 6 precincts. The 336 early and absentee votes are counted for the whole parish, not by precinct, so they aren't on the map.

1,155 votes cast; 33.5% of the 3,623 registered voters in the area turned out.

Council Member, District 5

No one got a majority, so Leslie "Les" Rulf (Republican) and Douglas Streety, Jr. (Republican) went to a runoff.

  • Leslie "Les" Rulf RepublicanIn runoff

    39.5% 548 votes

  • Douglas Streety, Jr. RepublicanIn runoff

    31.8% 441 votes

  • Charles "Butchie" McKinley DemocratDefeated

    28.6% 397 votes

By precinct in St. Mary Parish

The precinct map loads as you scroll to it.

Who got the most votes in each precinct, and their share

Under 50%50 to 60%Over 60%
Leslie "Les" Rulf
Douglas Streety, Jr.
Charles "Butchie" McKinley
  • Not voting in this race, or no votes

Shows the 947 votes cast at the polls in 5 precincts. The 439 early and absentee votes are counted for the whole parish, not by precinct, so they aren't on the map.

1,386 votes cast; 36.3% of the 4,044 registered voters in the area turned out.

Council Member, District 6

Patrick J. Hebert (Republican) won with 59.9% of the vote.

  • Patrick J. Hebert RepublicanElected

    59.9% 876 votes

  • Shawn Canty RepublicanDefeated

    40.1% 587 votes

By precinct in St. Mary Parish

The precinct map loads as you scroll to it.

Who got the most votes in each precinct, and their share

Under 50%50 to 60%Over 60%
Patrick J. Hebert
Shawn Canty
  • Not voting in this race, or no votes

Shows the 937 votes cast at the polls in 6 precincts. The 526 early and absentee votes are counted for the whole parish, not by precinct, so they aren't on the map.

1,463 votes cast; 39.3% of the 4,011 registered voters in the area turned out.

Council Member, District 7

James "Jimmy" Davis, Jr. (Republican) won with 54.1% of the vote.

  • James "Jimmy" Davis, Jr. RepublicanElected

    54.1% 797 votes

  • James "Hammer" Bennett, Jr. No partyDefeated

    45.9% 676 votes

By precinct in St. Mary Parish

The precinct map loads as you scroll to it.

Who got the most votes in each precinct, and their share

Under 50%50 to 60%Over 60%
James "Jimmy" Davis, Jr.
James "Hammer" Bennett, Jr.
  • Not voting in this race, or no votes

Shows the 834 votes cast at the polls in 5 precincts. The 639 early and absentee votes are counted for the whole parish, not by precinct, so they aren't on the map.

1,473 votes cast; 39.9% of the 3,896 registered voters in the area turned out.

Council Member, District 8

No one got a majority, so Mark A. Duhon (No party) and Carlo Gagliano, Jr. (No party) went to a runoff.

  • Mark A. Duhon No partyIn runoff

    48.2% 547 votes

  • Carlo Gagliano, Jr. No partyIn runoff

    30.4% 345 votes

  • Eriq Blanchard No partyDefeated

    21.4% 243 votes

By precinct in St. Mary Parish

The precinct map loads as you scroll to it.

Who got the most votes in each precinct, and their share

Under 50%50 to 60%Over 60%
Mark A. Duhon
Carlo Gagliano, Jr.
  • Not voting in this race, or no votes

Shows the 765 votes cast at the polls in 6 precincts. The 370 early and absentee votes are counted for the whole parish, not by precinct, so they aren't on the map.

1,135 votes cast; 37.1% of the 3,250 registered voters in the area turned out.

Council Member at Large, District 10

Gwendolyn "Gwen" Hidalgo (Republican) won with 50.9% of the vote.

  • Gwendolyn "Gwen" Hidalgo RepublicanElected

    50.9% 5,774 votes

  • Angelena Brocato DemocratDefeated

    27.5% 3,116 votes

  • Reginald D. Weary DemocratDefeated

    21.7% 2,461 votes

By precinct in St. Mary Parish

The precinct map loads as you scroll to it.

Who got the most votes in each precinct, and their share

Under 50%50 to 60%Over 60%
Gwendolyn "Gwen" Hidalgo
Angelena Brocato
Reginald D. Weary
  • Another candidate, or a tie
  • Not voting in this race, or no votes

Shows the 7,453 votes cast at the polls in 46 precincts. The 3,898 early and absentee votes are counted for the whole parish, not by precinct, so they aren't on the map.

11,351 votes cast; 37.9% of the 31,623 registered voters in the area turned out.

State Legislature

State Senator, 21st Senatorial District

No one got a majority, so Robert Allain (Republican) and Henry "Bo" LaGrange (Republican) went to a runoff.

This race covers 6 parishes; the results below are for all of them. In St. Mary Parish: Robert Allain 35.6%, Henry "Bo" LaGrange 39.9%, Stephen Swiber 24.4%.

  • Robert Allain RepublicanIn runoff

    43.8% 10,815 votes

  • Henry "Bo" LaGrange RepublicanIn runoff

    31.4% 7,745 votes

  • Stephen Swiber RepublicanDefeated

    24.9% 6,138 votes

By precinct in St. Mary Parish

The precinct map loads as you scroll to it.

Who got the most votes in each precinct, and their share

Under 50%50 to 60%Over 60%
Robert Allain
Henry "Bo" LaGrange
Stephen Swiber
  • Not voting in this race, or no votes

Shows the 7,152 votes cast at the polls in 46 precincts. The 3,723 early and absentee votes are counted for the whole parish, not by precinct, so they aren't on the map.

24,698 votes cast; 37.3% of the 72,923 registered voters in the area turned out.

Results by parish
ParishRobert AllainHenry "Bo" LaGrangeStephen SwiberTurnout
Assumption Parish54.4%1,42523.6%61822.0%57643.0%
Iberia Parish53.3%2,02430.7%1,16716.0%60942.8%
Lafourche Parish51.0%1,00919.5%38529.6%58537.6%
St. Martin Parish47.0%16520.8%7332.2%11336.9%
St. Mary Parish35.6%3,87639.9%4,34424.4%2,65537.9%
Terrebonne Parish45.6%2,31622.8%1,15831.5%1,60031.0%

State Representative, 50th Representative District

Vincent St. Blanc III (Republican) won with 72.0% of the vote.

This race covers 2 parishes; the results below are for all of them. In St. Mary Parish: Vincent St. Blanc III 71.3%, Gloria R. Robertson 28.7%.

  • Vincent St. Blanc III RepublicanElected

    72.0% 7,206 votes

  • Gloria R. Robertson DemocratDefeated

    28.0% 2,808 votes

By precinct in St. Mary Parish

The precinct map loads as you scroll to it.

Who got the most votes in each precinct, and their share

Under 50%50 to 60%Over 60%
Vincent St. Blanc III
Gloria R. Robertson
  • Not voting in this race, or no votes

Shows the 6,353 votes cast at the polls in 40 precincts. The 3,317 early and absentee votes are counted for the whole parish, not by precinct, so they aren't on the map.

10,014 votes cast; 37.4% of the 28,506 registered voters in the area turned out.

Results by parish
ParishVincent St. Blanc IIIGloria R. RobertsonTurnout
St. Martin Parish91.6%3158.4%2936.9%
St. Mary Parish71.3%6,89128.7%2,77937.4%

Statewide and federal races in St. Mary Parish

Attorney General

No one got a majority, so "Liz" Baker Murrill (Republican) and Lindsey Cheek (Democrat) went to a runoff.

This race covers 64 parishes; the results below are for all of them. In St. Mary Parish: "Liz" Baker Murrill 49.5%, Lindsey Cheek 20.7%, John Stefanski 15.7%, Perry Walker Terrebonne 7.8%.

  • "Liz" Baker Murrill RepublicanIn runoff

    45.2% 463,103 votes

  • Lindsey Cheek DemocratIn runoff

    23.4% 239,652 votes

  • John Stefanski RepublicanDefeated

    16.8% 172,300 votes

  • Perry Walker Terrebonne DemocratDefeated

    7.3% 74,479 votes

  • "Marty" Maley RepublicanDefeated

    7.2% 74,176 votes

By precinct in St. Mary Parish

The precinct map loads as you scroll to it.

Who got the most votes in each precinct, and their share

Under 50%50 to 60%Over 60%
"Liz" Baker Murrill
Lindsey Cheek
  • Not voting in this race, or no votes

Shows the 7,428 votes cast at the polls in 46 precincts. The 3,873 early and absentee votes are counted for the whole parish, not by precinct, so they aren't on the map.

1,023,710 votes cast; 36.3% of the 2,970,684 registered voters in the area turned out.

Governor

"Jeff" Landry (Republican) won with 51.6% of the vote.

This race covers 64 parishes; the results below are for all of them. In St. Mary Parish: "Jeff" Landry 60.5%, Shawn D. Wilson 24.1%, Stephen "Wags" Waguespack 3.7%, John Schroder 1.9%.

  • "Jeff" Landry RepublicanElected

    51.6% 547,827 votes

  • Shawn D. Wilson DemocratDefeated

    25.9% 275,525 votes

  • Stephen "Wags" Waguespack RepublicanDefeated

    5.9% 62,287 votes

  • John Schroder RepublicanDefeated

    5.3% 56,654 votes

11 other candidates: 11.3% together
Hunter Lundy Independent4.9%52,165
Daniel M. "Danny" Cole Democrat2.6%27,662
Sharon W. Hewitt Republican1.7%18,468
Benjamin Barnes Independent0.5%5,190
Patrick Henry "Dat" Barthel Republican0.4%4,426
Richard Nelson Republican0.3%3,605
Jeffery Istre Independent0.3%3,400
Xavier Ellis Republican0.2%1,734
"Keitron" Gagnon No party0.1%1,260
"Xan" John Republican0.1%1,164
Frank Scurlock Independent0.1%1,131

By precinct in St. Mary Parish

The precinct map loads as you scroll to it.

Who got the most votes in each precinct, and their share

Under 50%50 to 60%Over 60%
"Jeff" Landry
Shawn D. Wilson
  • Not voting in this race, or no votes

Shows the 7,783 votes cast at the polls in 46 precincts. The 3,948 early and absentee votes are counted for the whole parish, not by precinct, so they aren't on the map.

1,062,498 votes cast; 36.3% of the 2,970,684 registered voters in the area turned out.

Lieutenant Governor

William "Billy" Nungesser (Republican) won with 65.5% of the vote.

This race covers 64 parishes; the results below are for all of them. In St. Mary Parish: William "Billy" Nungesser 67.6%, Willie Jones 19.2%, Elbert Guillory 5.4%, "Tami" Hotard 5.3%.

  • William "Billy" Nungesser RepublicanElected

    65.5% 678,531 votes

  • Willie Jones DemocratDefeated

    20.5% 211,988 votes

  • Elbert Guillory RepublicanDefeated

    6.2% 64,058 votes

  • "Tami" Hotard RepublicanDefeated

    4.9% 50,711 votes

2 other candidates: 2.9% together
Bruce Payton Independent1.7%17,195
Gary Rispone No party1.3%13,111

By precinct in St. Mary Parish

The precinct map loads as you scroll to it.

Who got the most votes in each precinct, and their share

Under 50%50 to 60%Over 60%
William "Billy" Nungesser
Willie Jones
  • Not voting in this race, or no votes

Shows the 7,540 votes cast at the polls in 46 precincts. The 3,869 early and absentee votes are counted for the whole parish, not by precinct, so they aren't on the map.

1,035,594 votes cast; 36.3% of the 2,970,684 registered voters in the area turned out.

Secretary of State

No one got a majority, so Nancy Landry (Republican) and "Gwen" Collins-Greenup (Democrat) went to a runoff.

This race covers 64 parishes; the results below are for all of them. In St. Mary Parish: Nancy Landry 12.4%, "Gwen" Collins-Greenup 15.7%, "Mike" Francis 32.2%, Clay Schexnayder 12.0%.

  • Nancy Landry RepublicanIn runoff

    19.3% 197,514 votes

  • "Gwen" Collins-Greenup DemocratIn runoff

    19.2% 196,534 votes

  • "Mike" Francis RepublicanDefeated

    17.9% 182,842 votes

  • Clay Schexnayder RepublicanDefeated

    14.7% 149,987 votes

4 other candidates: 28.8% together
Arthur A. Morrell Democrat11.1%113,703
Thomas J. Kennedy III Republican10.1%102,628
Brandon Trosclair Republican6.3%64,686
Amanda "Smith" Jennings Other party1.3%13,275

By precinct in St. Mary Parish

The precinct map loads as you scroll to it.

Who got the most votes in each precinct, and their share

Under 50%50 to 60%Over 60%
"Gwen" Collins-Greenup
"Mike" Francis
  • Another candidate, or a tie
  • Not voting in this race, or no votes

Shows the 7,387 votes cast at the polls in 46 precincts. The 3,892 early and absentee votes are counted for the whole parish, not by precinct, so they aren't on the map.

1,021,169 votes cast; 36.3% of the 2,970,684 registered voters in the area turned out.

Treasurer

No one got a majority, so John Fleming (Republican) and Dustin Granger (Democrat) went to a runoff.

This race covers 64 parishes; the results below are for all of them. In St. Mary Parish: John Fleming 50.7%, Dustin Granger 29.2%, Scott McKnight 20.1%.

  • John Fleming RepublicanIn runoff

    44.0% 442,668 votes

  • Dustin Granger DemocratIn runoff

    32.0% 321,423 votes

  • Scott McKnight RepublicanDefeated

    24.0% 241,125 votes

By precinct in St. Mary Parish

The precinct map loads as you scroll to it.

Who got the most votes in each precinct, and their share

Under 50%50 to 60%Over 60%
John Fleming
Dustin Granger
  • Not voting in this race, or no votes

Shows the 7,233 votes cast at the polls in 46 precincts. The 3,852 early and absentee votes are counted for the whole parish, not by precinct, so they aren't on the map.

1,005,216 votes cast; 36.3% of the 2,970,684 registered voters in the area turned out.

Propositions, taxes, and recalls

City of Morgan City Proposition (Home Rule Charter Amendment)

City of Morgan City, Amend HRC Section 2-01(a) - CC

Passed: 75.2% voted yes and 24.8% voted no.

What the ballot said

Shall Section 2-01(a) of the Home Rule Charter for the City of Morgan City be amended to read as follows: (a) The legislative power of the city government shall be vested in a council consisting of five (5) members elected from single-member districts for four-year terms?

  • YesApproved

    75.2% 1,927 votes

  • No

    24.8% 636 votes

By precinct in St. Mary Parish

The precinct map loads as you scroll to it.

Which side won each precinct, and by how much

Under 55%55 to 65%Over 65%
Yes
No
  • Not voting in this race, or no votes

Shows the 1,468 votes cast at the polls in 9 precincts. The 1,095 early and absentee votes are counted for the whole parish, not by precinct, so they aren't on the map.

2,563 votes cast; 39.5% of the 7,121 registered voters in the area turned out.

Hospital Service District No. 1 Proposition (Millage Renewal)

Hospital Service District No. 1, 3.10 Mills Renewal - BOC - 10 Yrs.

Passed: 65.6% voted yes and 34.4% voted no.

What the ballot said

Shall Hospital Service District No. 1 of the Parish of St. Mary, State of Louisiana (the "District"), continue to levy a 3.10 mills tax on all the property subject to taxation within the District, for a period of 10 years, beginning with the year 2024 and ending with the year 2033 (an estimated $647,300 reasonably expected at this time to be collected from the levy of the tax for an entire year), for the purpose of improving, maintaining and operating the hospital facilities of the District?

  • YesApproved

    65.6% 2,937 votes

  • No

    34.4% 1,537 votes

By precinct in St. Mary Parish

The precinct map loads as you scroll to it.

Which side won each precinct, and by how much

Under 55%55 to 65%Over 65%
Yes
No
  • Not voting in this race, or no votes

Shows the 2,938 votes cast at the polls in 22 precincts. The 1,536 early and absentee votes are counted for the whole parish, not by precinct, so they aren't on the map.

4,474 votes cast; 38.7% of the 12,799 registered voters in the area turned out.

Constitutional amendments

Amendment 1

Prohibits the use of private funds in the administration of elections.

Passed: 72.6% voted yes and 27.4% voted no.

This race covers 64 parishes; the results below are for all of them. In St. Mary Parish: Yes 74.2%, No 25.8%.

What the ballot said

Do you support an amendment to prohibit the use of funds, goods, or services from a foreign government or a nongovernmental source to conduct elections and election functions and duties unless the use is authorized by the secretary of state through policies established in accordance with law? (Adds Article XI, Section 6)

  • YesApproved

    72.6% 734,324 votes

  • No

    27.4% 277,564 votes

By precinct in St. Mary Parish

The precinct map loads as you scroll to it.

Which side won each precinct, and by how much

Under 55%55 to 65%Over 65%
Yes
No
  • Not voting in this race, or no votes

Shows the 7,148 votes cast at the polls in 46 precincts. The 3,874 early and absentee votes are counted for the whole parish, not by precinct, so they aren't on the map.

1,011,888 votes cast; 36.3% of the 2,970,684 registered voters in the area turned out.

Amendment 2

Provides that the freedom of worship is a fundamental right worthy of the highest protection.

Passed: 79.2% voted yes and 20.8% voted no.

This race covers 64 parishes; the results below are for all of them. In St. Mary Parish: Yes 83.4%, No 16.6%.

What the ballot said

Do you support an amendment to provide that the freedom of worship in a church or other place of worship is a fundamental right that is worthy of the highest order of protection? (Adds Const. Article XII, Section 17)

  • YesApproved

    79.2% 805,676 votes

  • No

    20.8% 211,621 votes

By precinct in St. Mary Parish

The precinct map loads as you scroll to it.

Which side won each precinct, and by how much

Under 55%55 to 65%Over 65%
Yes
No
  • Not voting in this race, or no votes

Shows the 7,196 votes cast at the polls in 46 precincts. The 3,893 early and absentee votes are counted for the whole parish, not by precinct, so they aren't on the map.

1,017,297 votes cast; 36.3% of the 2,970,684 registered voters in the area turned out.

Amendment 3

Dedicates certain payments to be applied to the state retirement system unfunded accrued liability.

Passed: 56.2% voted yes and 43.8% voted no.

This race covers 64 parishes; the results below are for all of them. In St. Mary Parish: Yes 57.0%, No 43.0%.

What the ballot said

Do you support an amendment to require that a minimum of twenty-five percent of any money designated as nonrecurring state revenue be applied toward the balance of the unfunded accrued liability of the state retirement systems? (Amends Article VII, Section 10(D)(2)(b)(ii) and (iii))

  • YesApproved

    56.2% 559,540 votes

  • No

    43.8% 436,717 votes

By precinct in St. Mary Parish

The precinct map loads as you scroll to it.

Which side won each precinct, and by how much

Under 55%55 to 65%Over 65%
Yes
No
  • Not voting in this race, or no votes

Shows the 7,036 votes cast at the polls in 46 precincts. The 3,819 early and absentee votes are counted for the whole parish, not by precinct, so they aren't on the map.

996,257 votes cast; 36.3% of the 2,970,684 registered voters in the area turned out.

Amendment 4

Restricts ad valorem tax exemptions for certain nonprofit organizations.

Passed: 66.0% voted yes and 34.0% voted no.

This race covers 64 parishes; the results below are for all of them. In St. Mary Parish: Yes 66.0%, No 34.0%.

What the ballot said

Do you support an amendment to deny a property tax exemption to a nonprofit corporation or association that owns residential property in such a state of disrepair that it endangers public health or safety? (Amends Article VII, Section 21(B))

  • YesApproved

    66.0% 661,332 votes

  • No

    34.0% 340,632 votes

By precinct in St. Mary Parish

The precinct map loads as you scroll to it.

Which side won each precinct, and by how much

Under 55%55 to 65%Over 65%
Yes
No
  • A tie
  • Not voting in this race, or no votes

Shows the 7,028 votes cast at the polls in 46 precincts. The 3,855 early and absentee votes are counted for the whole parish, not by precinct, so they aren't on the map.

1,001,964 votes cast; 36.3% of the 2,970,684 registered voters in the area turned out.

Turnout by precinct

The turnout map loads as you scroll to it.

Share of registered voters in each precinct who voted at the polls on election day

  • 20% to 30%
  • 30% to 40%
  • 40% to 50%
  • 50% to 60%
  • 60% to 70%

Early and absentee voters are counted for the whole parish, not by precinct, so they aren't included here.